This study examined the gender role in Sawah system of rice production in Nigeria. This study was carried out in five states where Sawah is being practiced. The states are Niger, Kaduna, Ondo, Kwara and Ekiti. Data used in this study were collected in all the Sawah sites in Nigeria namely: Ejetti, Etzuzhegi and Nasarafu in Niger state, Nakala Pampaida millennium village in Kaduna state, Elerinjare in Ilorin Kwara state and Aule in Akure Ondo state. A well structured interview guide was used to elicit information from the farmers.