Due to regulation and laws dealing with environmental protection, many new and existing facilities are required to install systems that eliminate or prohibit "open-loop" process waste streams containing contaminants. These systems may involve utilising chemical, mechanical, or biological treatment which commonly require cooling.

Modern wastewater treatment systems require air in order to maintain biological activity. Often air is also needed to maintain a thoroughly mixed system. Any air introduced beyond what is needed for these two processes is considered excessive and may be eliminated to reduce power consumption.

Wastewater reclamation has become a viable alternative to supplement water supplies in water short areas. In particular, membrane treatment has played an important role in purifying the water cost effectively. Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes have been shown to significantly reduce total dissolved solids, heavy metals, organic pollutants, viruses, bacteria and other dissolved contaminants.

Ozone technology has been used for the past two decades or more. It is, however, only now that its use in wastewater treatment has been recognized. The location of ozone use in wastewater treatment determines the goal of treatment. At the same time, ozone finds use in each stage of wastewater treatment.

To achieve successful treatment of the water, one should first know that no water is the same, every water is unique and should be treated uniquely. At present, ultrasound is being used in the field of water treatment.

Modern wastewater treatment systems require air in order to maintain biological activity. Often air is also needed to maintain a thoroughly mixed system. Any air introduced beyond what is needed for these two processes is considered excessive and may be eliminated to reduce power consumption.

Resulting from the enhanced micro-flocculation effect of ozone the filtration rates can be increased, smaller filtration beds used and even the chemical consumption lowered.

Ultrafiltration is becoming a preferred alternative as pretreatment to sea water reverse osmosis plants delivering superior water quality to reverse osmosis.

Seawater pretreatment is an integral part of every Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) desalination plant. The key purpose of the pretreatment system is to remove particulates, debris, micro organisms, suspended solids and silt from the source seawater prior to reverse osmosis sepration.

Water is a notoriously scarce resource in northern China, a situation that has forced many industries in the region to turn to desalination for process water. Located in HeBei province close to the Bohai Sea, the WangTan Power Plant has a 2x600MW capacity. The Bohai Sea has high turbidity that fluctuates greatly with wind and tides, which makes the waters extremely challenging to purify.

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