Nitrogen management policies introduced in the past decades by some OECD countries have succeeded in reducing excess nitrogen use by farmers, but half of global mineral fertiliser use is still lost for crops.

The paper proposes a ranking of the countries where forest carbon sequestration is the most cost-efficient among 166 countries for which data are available.

This report summarizes the risks posed on India's climate, ecosystems, food and water systems, and citizens by climate impacts, as well as the country's policies for mitigation, adaptation, and emissions reductions.

Climate financing and compensation have emerged as key themes in the international climate mitigtion debate.

Forests in low and middle-income countries are at the centre of climate change mitigation efforts. But these forests are also areas of high levels of insecurity and are found in fragile states with weak governance, especially over forestlands. Nations affected by conflict hold 40 per cent of the world’s tropical forests.