Food systems are major contributors, but also critically vulnerable, to the triple planetary crisis of climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution. The food sector uses more natural resources than any other sector, which means that the way in which food systems are governed has direct consequences for how natural resources are managed — and for environmental sustainability. Governance therefore plays a critical role in transforming food systems towards increased sustainability. This issue paper aims to show how food systems governance can contribute to advancing environmental agendas. It builds on the findings of the One Planet network’s Sustainable Food Systems Programme’s research on Sustainable Food System Multi-Stakeholder Mechanisms (SFS MSMs). Drawing on a literature review and a survey with members of seven SFS MSMs, the paper aims to inform and inspire the use of food systems governance as an entry point to address environmental challenges.