Between 2014 and 2050, India is projected to add 404 million urban dwellers and the number of rural residents is expected to decline by 52 million. As NITI Aayog recently released a three-year action plan for facilitating urbanisation in the country and dealing with key challenges like affordable housing, infrastructure development, public transport and promotion of Swachh Bharat, we take a look at how the country has been urbanising over the last one hundred years.