This document brings together the different pieces of knowledge on climate risks. It examines the vulnerability of European cities to climate change and analyzes how climate risks are being managed. This analysis reveals how a lack of responsibility and funding leaves the majority of European cities unprepared to deal with the worst impacts of climate change. It finds a lack of power, funding, capacity and information leave regional authorities incapable to step up to the responsibilities handed to them by their national governments. The report proposes several solutions to address the current shortcomings. First and foremost, governments must be clearer on who is responsible for managing climate risks and ensure that national and regional infrastructure investments are consistent with a 2, 3 or 4°C warmer world.