The mangroves of the Bay Islands accounting for 18% (383 km2) of the total Indian mangroves were adversely affected by the December 2004 tsunami. Changes in topography, salinity and massive water inflow have led to extensive soil degradation and associated nutrient losses in these mangroves. The major

The 2004 tsunami has created havoc and excessive devastation in terms of human lives and loss of infrastructure in coastal areas of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and rendered the soil and water resources salt-affected. In order to assess the changes in the relevant soil characteristics, viz. pH, electrical conductivity,