Steel Melting Shop-1 (SMS-1) is one of the prime shops of Bhilai Steel Plant, which has a capacity of producing 2.5 MT of crude steel. It follows the conventional route in which steel is produced through twin hearth furnaces and is cast as ingot moulds. An alternate cost effective arrangement was designed, developed and implemented for the uninterrupted direct supply of chemically treated water from water chemical treatment plant (WCTP).

Large investments made in automation & control systems by water utilities over the last 20 years has produced necessary infrastructure for global optimization strategies.

Removal of Cd(II), Pb(II), Hg(II), Mn(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) by chemically (Na2S) treated granular activated carbon (GAC)has been found to be concentration, pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature dependent. Adsorption isotherm studiesindicated that adsorptive behaviour of metal ions on chemically treated GAC satisfies Langmuir assumptions.

Manufacturers and wastewater municipalities that treat and discharge wastewater are concerned with regulatory compliance and controlling costs. Most facilities must comply with regulations, such as the US Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) Clean Water Act, and optimize their wastewater treatment processes.