Two billion tons of human and animal waste and industrial pollution are dumped into waterways every day around the world, according to reports released in Nairobi, Kenya, for the 17th annual World Water Day

Urinary excretion of estrogens, including endogenously produced estrogens, estrogens from dietary sources, and estrogens from prescription medications and veterinary pharmaceuticals, can result in surface water contamination and subsequent human exposure via contaminated drinking water. Caldwell et al.

Release of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) from a chemical plant in West Virginia contaminated drinking water in several water districts, but use of granular activated-carbon filtration in two water districts reduced PFOA concentrations to levels below the limit of detection. Bartell et al. (p.

Providence, Rhode Island, and Portland, Oregon, are two cities that by all accounts have well-run water utilities and health departments. Both have also had recurring problems with lead in tap water, yet both

Typically open-sea water intake structures are constructed in the shallow areas where sea water depth is in the range of 3m up to 10m. Due to this SWRO plant with open intake will have source water with high debris, suspended solids and aquatic organisms requiring a very elaborate pretreatment system.