IFPRI’s Flagship Report puts into perspective the major food policy issues, developments, and decisions of 2015 and highlights challenges and opportunities for 2016. This year’s report takes a special look at how food systems can best contribute to meeting the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Drawing on rigorous research, IFPRI researchers and other distinguished food policy experts consider a wide range of crucial questions: How can we support the critical contributions of smallholders to food security in a world facing climate change? What are the causes and costs of food loss and waste within food systems, and how can this loss be reduced? How can sound management of water resources provide multiple benefits for health, nutrition, and sustainability? What policy choices can best promote sustainable management of agricultural land and soil resources and the ecosystem services they provide? Where are the most promising opportunities for exploiting synergies between green energy and food security goals? What changes in global diets can make the greatest contribution to food security and sustainability? How can we use food value chains to develop effective interventions to achieve both better nutrition and sustainability? The 2016 Global Food Policy Report also presents data for several key food policy indicators, including country-level data on hunger, agricultural spending, agricultural research investment, and capacity for food policy research. In addition to illustrative figures, tables, and a timeline of food policy events in 2015, the report also presents the results of a global opinion poll on the current state of food policy.