To date, land use related climate policy and programs have tended to separate forestry and agriculture. In reality, the interface between these sectors is highly diverse and dynamic. With the influx of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) finance, and the rising attention to agriculture within climate change discussions, an opportunity is emerging to re-shape the relationship between forestry and agriculture to address these interactions for the benefit of not only the climate, but for people and ecosystems throughout rural landscapes. This paper identifies the critical issues for understanding the relationship between forestry and agriculture and applies them to develop recommendations for action to support effective and equitable climate change interventions in mixed forest-agriculture landscapes.