Loss and damage is an urgent issue: the world’s least-resourced communities and countries are increasingly unable to adapt to or absorb worsening climate impacts. Greater international support is overdue, but the realities and costs of loss and damage remain poorly understood and information is not systematically shared. This resource presents 12 case studies from diverse locations in the global South experiencing loss and damage from slow- and rapid-onset climate events. Authored by local civil society, experts, university researchers and NGOs from the global South, with the support of expert mentors, each case study provides evidence on the challenges, possible responses and support needed to address loss and damage.