This document provides a contextual understanding of the challenges and opportunities of climate change in relation to human settlements in Small Island Developing States (SIDS). It is a collection of initial thoughts in response to the call of Small Island Developing States for “the strengthening of the long-standing cooperation and support provided by the international community” and “enabling strong, genuine and durable partnerships at the sub-national, national, sub-regional, regional and international levels” (UNGA 2014).