Policy makers and utility managers can use a variety of tariff structures to calculate customers’ bills for water and sanitation services, ranging from a simple flat monthly fee to complicated multipart tariffs with seasonal pricing based on metered water use.

Climate change and variability are affecting weather patterns and causing seasonal shifts with serious repercussions for households and communities in Kenya.

There is a growing body of literature on the impact of climate change in Africa. Most studies have concentrated on the impact of climate change on crop and livestock productivity, while other studies have assessed adaptation to climate change.