Climate change and variability are affecting weather patterns and causing seasonal shifts with serious repercussions for households and communities in Kenya.

There is a growing body of literature on the impact of climate change in Africa. Most studies have concentrated on the impact of climate change on crop and livestock productivity, while other studies have assessed adaptation to climate change.

This report assess the role social differences such as caste, and other household characteristics, play on leadership and collective action, taking the case studies of forest commons. Primary data for the analysis was drawn from a survey of eight community forest user groups in the mid-hills of Nepal.