The tiger signifies the health of the forest, their ecosystem function and services. India's wild tigers account for more than 75% of the global tiger population. India has played the leadership role in fostering wild tiger conservation and management at the global level by taking up several milestone initiatives.

National Tiger Conservation Authority has been constituted under the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2006. Further section 38 O of the Act empowers to exercise the powers conferred on and to perform the functions assigned to it under the said Act for Tiger Conservation.

A new report by Survival International has revealed that the mass eviction of tribal people in India whose lands are being turned into tiger reserves is illegal under both national and international law.