Measuring the effectiveness of adaptation to climate change has assumed significance for the reasons that huge amount of resources are being made available for climate change adaptation and it is important for various stakeholders to identify and prioritize adaptation actions before they are implemented on the ground so as to achieve adaptation efficiently. Identifying adaptation effectiveness indicators is the first step to measuring the effectiveness of adaptation actions at local level. Keeping this in view, the project entitled ‘Identification of win-win adaptation options through adaptation metrics and integrated adaptation decision making frameworks’ was implemented in the Gangetic Basin with the collaboration of national level partners of BCAS in Bangladesh, TERI in India and ICIMOD in Nepal. The study was conducted in the drought-prone villages of Bangladesh, India and Nepal in the Gangetic Basin.