The purpose of this document is to provide a contextual understanding of the challenges and opportunities of climate change in relation to human settlements in Small Island Developing States (SIDS). It is also a modest attempt at collecting initial thoughts in response to the call of Small Island Developing States for “the strengthening of the long-standing cooperation and support provided by the international community” and “enable strong, genuine and durable partnerships at the subnational, national, subregional, regional and international levels”.