The transition to a low carbon economy heralds an economic and social transformation that is exciting as well as challenging. The challenges that face India include: enhancing economic opportunities and living standards for a growing population and addressing the environmental threats.

The study investigates if the present pattern of urban development in India in the creation of mega cities is sustainable. This has been done by comparing the Indian cities Mumbai and Bangalore with sustainable mega cities of developed countries - Shanghai, London, and Singapore)

Presently India is facing the twin challenge of energy universalization as well as emission reduction. Nearly 0.4 billion people in India