The inter and intra-year fluctuations in agriculture production will continue as long as agriculture depends on weather. The effect of weather on agriculture is related to location specific which directly link with the variability in local climates rather than in global climate patterns. Many scientists hold the position that agricultural shifts are likely due to climate change.

This paper aims to review the existing status, scope and prospects of food securities in the North eastern hilly region (NEHR) states at the macro level and at the same time ground level reality of food security, its status and position at the households' level.

The nature of agricultural diversification differs across regions due to wide heterogeneity in agro climatic and socio-economic conditions. Generally, the pattern of agricultural diversification shows a shift from crop production to livestock production during the 1980s to 1990s.