Bhata land is an important lateritic and well known category of wastelands, which covers extensive area in Chhattisgarh. Sporadic patches of plantations have been raised in this land on experimental basis, for selecting suitable species for taking up large-scale plantations. Present study was carried out in 20-years old plantations at Mohan bhata in Bilspur district.

Many evidences have been gathered to depict that climate change is taking place. A changing climate has strong implications for biodiversity changes and impact on the phenology and distribution of species alongwith community composition and ecosystem dynamics. These parameters may be used to find out indicator species to detect the climate change.

In agroforestry system, management practices are commonly applied to minimize competitive effects between tree and crop for light, moisture and nutrient.

Deoiled cakes are the residues left after the oil is extracted from the oil containing seeds. They are one of the important organic source for plant nutrients. The deoiled cakes to large extent are used as concentrated organic manures. They contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium along with a large percentage of organic matter.

Vindhyan region is very rich in plant biodiversity because of its variety of geology, land shapes like plateau, plane, valley and hill areas. There are variety of climate and altitudinal variations compiled with varied ecological habitants.

The hot arid regions of India in economically and environmentally disadvantaged part of the country with unique problems. These, ecosystems are highly fragile and large liabilities causing severe impediments in development programmes.

Vindhyan region is very rich is plant biodiversity because of its variety of geology, land shapes like plateau, plane, valley and hill areas.

Over time the focus of travel and tourism has gone for eco-tourism. It is not true for India only but for the world too. The travel and tourism are major sources of foreign exchange earnings in India. The potential of employment opportunities in this sector has improved over time significantly, specially the indirect employment opportunities. Govt.

The satellite imageneries are used to map vegetative type, density, land use/land cover in Singrauli coal field area. Seven vegetation types of eight other land use/land cover classes observed have also been varified through field surveys.

Studies carried out in Sal forest of Sirmaur district in Himachal Pradesh revealed that the artificially reclaimed sites develop much faster in terms of soil and vegetation as compared to abandoned mines.