The point of the report is to track (and promote) progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals, and the big thing standing in the way of that progress right now is the pandemic. People living just above the extreme poverty line who have fallen below it because of COVID-19 were obviously vulnerable despite not being officially poor.

The progress made by Nigeria and other countries in reducing extreme poverty and disease in recent decades is in jeopardy, according to an inaugural annual report by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.