Thermoelectric materials are solid-state energy converters whose combination of thermal, electrical, and semiconducting properties allows them to be used to convert waste heat into electricity or electrical power directly into cooling and heating.

Batch digestion of vegetable waste slurry was carried out in the laboratory using 2.5L capacity bottle reactors for 60 days at ambient conditions. The biogas yield from vegetable waste over the length of the digestion time was observed to be 0.391L/g of VS fed.

Concerns for energy conservation, developing sustainable energy sources and interest towards national energy security benefits combined with growing environmental pollution is necessitating the search for renewable energy sources. Of the renewable energy sources, biomass is highly flexible and the least cost alternative.

Disposal of untreated wastes into land and water bodies from tanneries results in air and water pollution as well as emission