Most of the area in Himachal Pradesh is hilly, mountainous with few intermontane valley in between them. The traditional ground water structures, which are under observation at present, are open wells mostly located in the valley area.

Ground water is a dynamic and replenishable resource and monitoring spatial and temporal changes of this resource is essential for sustainable development and management. The water level data is of paramount importance in development and management of water resources in the country.

Ground Water Year Book is prepared annually by CGWB depicting changes in ground water regime of the country through different seasons. It is an effort to obtain information on ground water levels through representative monitoring wells. The important attributes of ground water regime monitoring are ground water level.

A reliable supply of water is critical for agricultural intensification and yield improvement. Technological devices that lift, transport and apply water contribute to increased yield from improved crop varieties and high input cultivation.