India is currently considering establishing fuel efficiency regulation for new trucks and buses. This process formally started in July 2014 when the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas officially constituted a Steering Committee to guide the regulatory development process (Minstry of Petroleum & Natural Gas 2014). In any regulatory development process, a thorough understanding of the new vehicle sales market is critical to design a program that is properly tailored to local conditions. Therefore, the primary objectives of this paper are to analyze HDV sales in India in terms of manufacturer market shares, and typical vehicle characteristics, and compare those to other major markets such as the European Union, United States, and China. In addition, engine attributes of Indian HDVs are explored in detail in order to develop a draft proposal for breaking engines into categories for the
purpose of regulation.