The primary objectives of this paper are to explore methods for testing and certifying the fuel efficiency of HDVs and vehicle components in the established and emerging regulatory programs around the world and the implications for India, as policymakers there deliberate establishing a performance standard of their own. In the India context, one of the key open regulatory design questions is whether a program centered around full vehicle certification or individual engine testing is most appropriate as a first phase regulation. The
primary contribution of this paper is to provide an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each of these options and present the ICCT’s recommended path forward for India.