The objective of this study is to investigate how output-based aid (OBA) could be used to increase sustainable access to sanitation services.

Access to safe sanitation would, for some 2.5 billion fellow citizens without it, improve their health, dignity, local environment and economic well-being.

This report is a synthesis of three individual country studies carried out in Bangladesh, Nepal and Nigeria in 2008-2009 that investigate the sustainability and equity aspects of total sanitation programmes.