The major objectives of this study are: assessment of air pollution concentrations at different locations with varying number of anthropogenic sources of pollution; to study the temporal and diurnal variation in pollutants concentration along with traffic activities; to assess the status of air pollution to adjudge the effectiveness of air pollution control strategies and long term management of air pollution; and to formulate further preventive and control measures for abatement of air pollution.

Discharge of untreated sewage is single most important cause for pollution of surface & ground water since there is a large gap between generation and treatment of domestic wastewater in India. The problem is not only of adequacy of treatment capacity but also operation and maintenance of treatment plants.

Water quality monitoring is one of the first steps required in the rational development and management of water resources. In the field of water quality management, there has been a steady evolution in procedures for designing system to obtain information on the changes of water quality. The

This guidelines attempt to summarize, legal and policy matter related to water quality management, the step-wise activities required for formulation of action to restore water quality, the options that may be considered for action plan, the formats for inventory of polluting activities and various water conservation measures.

The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has initiated a study entitled

Pesticide Sector comprises many processing units which adopt different technologies, equipments, unit process and unit operations for manufacturing various products. The manufacturing processes lead to generation of a wide spectrum of air pollutants, mainly inorganic hazardous air pollutants. Some of these pollutants are toxic, responsible for damage of materials and creation of malodour. Besides these hazardous air pollutants, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) mainly solvents are generated as fugitive emissions.

This report presents the environmental profiles of metropolitan cities and problem areas identified by CPCB and their groundwater quality status. The groundwater quality data obtained during survey were evaluated against drinking water quality requirements [BIS 10500, (1991) & WHO (1996) Standards]. Salinity, nitrate, Coliform & Fluoride are the main water quality issues in the metro cities and problem areas of the country.

Urbanisation in India is more rapid in and around National Capital as well as the State Capitals and, over the years, these cities have become major centers for commerce, industry and education. Enormous increase in number of vehicles has resulted in increased emission of air pollutants and, as a result, levels of air pollutants such as respirable suspended particulate matter are found to exceed the prescribed standards in these cities.

The Central Pollution Control Board in exercise of its powers conferred under section 16(2) (h) of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,1981 (14 of 1981) notify the National Ambient Air Quality Standards, 1994.

The existing legislation though covers adequate provision empowering the State Boards to prescribe stringent emission/
discharge standards while issuing the consent under the Water Act/Air Act, the judgments presently made by the SPCBs appear to be based on their respective experiences in qualitative terms for specifying stringent standards on a case to case basis.

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