This technical note serves as the main reference for the updated Aqueduct™️ 4.0 water risk framework. It details the data and methodology used to create 13 indicators of global water risk. Indicators reflect both current conditions and future projections of water supply, demand, stress, and more.

Twenty-five countries, which house one-quarter of the world's population, are facing extremely high water stress each year, regularly using up almost their entire available water supply. According to this research published by the World Resources Institute, at least 50 per cent of the global population or around four billion people are currently living under highly water-stressed conditions for at least one month of the year.

New data from WRI’s Aqueduct Water Risk Atlas show that 25 countries — housing one-quarter of the global population — face extremely high water stress each year, regularly using up almost their entire available water supply.

The Union Minister of Jal Shakti, released the Dynamic Ground Water Resource Assessment Report for the entire country for the year 2023. The assessment was carried out jointly by Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and States/UTs, which can be used for taking suitable interventions by various stake-holders.

This working paper sets out the case that many countries and shared water basins are facing cooperation deficits, outlining cooperation trends and the importance of progress on water cooperation across sectors, stakeholders, scales and borders, for improved water security.

This study evaluates the socioecological consequences of the potential trade-offs between maintaining environmental flows (e-flows) and providing water for sustainable subsistence agriculture and livelihoods to the vulnerable human communities living along the lower Great Letaba River in South Africa.