Vehicular congestion and insufficient parking facilities are significant emerging challenges for India’s mega and metropolitan cities, severely impairing mobility.

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are a direct cause of human-induced climate change. India accounted for 2.9 billion tonnes of CO2 emissions in 2019. The transportation sector accounts for roughly 10% or 290 million tonnes of CO2 emissions per year.

To effectively manage air pollution, need to measure it accurately and at high spatial resolution. However, maintaining a dense network of regulatory instruments is financially and technically burdensome for low- and middle-income countries.

The pandemic-induced lockdown provided a temporary respite to the citizens by reducing vehicular traffic, thereby significantly improving air quality, even dropping Air Quality Index (AQI) to well within National Ambient Air Quality limits.

In recent years, Bengaluru has witnessed a massive surge of investment going towards private transport infrastructure. This has only worsened the traffic congestion crisis in the city while adding to the already high levels of Greenhouse gas emissions.