Internal displacement is a major challenge to sustainable development. By the end of the 2021, more than 59 million people remained displaced in their own countries – the highest ever global figure and more than double the number recorded 10 years ago.

The Coronavirus pandemic, the war in Ukraine, and climate change have all hampered Africa’s efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Halfway towards 2030, most African countries are struggling to meet most SDG targets.

Continuing the thread of the 2019 and 2020 HDRs, 2021/22 HDR carries forward a conversation centered on inequalities while integrating other important themes related to uncertainties in the Anthropocene: societal-level transformations, mental health impacts, political polarization, but also, crucially, opportunity.

The ripple effects of the war in Ukraine have disrupted energy and food markets. Among many other factors, supply chain disruptions and price spikes in key commodities have been pushing the world towards a precarious inflationary surge.

This report analyses potential links between global finance to small-scale clean energy projects in developing countries.

This paper forms the basis for a new UNDP strategy for engaging in environmental justice (including climate justice) as an integrated and collaborative effort that brings together the rule of law, human rights, governance and nature, climate and energy workstreams.

Africa is a highly complex region – blessed with natural capital and biodiversity; home to 1.13 billion people, one-third of the world’s languages, and a rich and diverse culture; yet also mired in conflict and other crises. This impedes basic activities such as food production, local economic development and healthcare access.

The 7th Malawi National Human Development Report with the theme, “Delivering Sustainable Human Development and Accountability at the Local Level – The Experience of Decentralization in Malawi," aims to promote district focused approach to human development, by proposing policies and strategies for strengthening local governance structures in the

High income inequality can engender a wide range of negative impacts. It can harm child development, increase ill-health and mortality, limit the status of women, generate distrust in government, exacerbate levels of violence and social unrest, slow the pace of poverty reduction and hinder economic growth.

The Government of Liberia recognizes the threats posed by climate change and has taken action to address them. In this regard, the EPA coordinated the development of the National Climate Change Response Strategy in 2018.

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