Cryptococcus gattii is an emerging intracellular pathogen and the cause of the largest primary outbreak of a life-threatening fungal disease in a healthy population. Outbreak strains share a unique mitochondrial gene expression profile and an increased ability to tubularize their mitochondria within host macrophages. However, the underlying mechanism that causes this lineage of C. gattii to be virulent in immunocompetent individuals remains unexplained. Here we show that a subpopulation of intracellular C.

21 days has been regarded as the appropriate quarantine period for holding individuals potentially exposed to Ebola Virus (EV) to reduce risk of contagion. There does not appear to be a systematic discussion of the basis for this period.

Activated carbon was prepared from Behda (BEAC), Anjan (AAC), Chinch (CAC), and Bakam Neem (BNAC) leaves. The effects of various parameters such as initial metal concentration, particle size, pH and contact time for the adsorption of Cu (II) on BEAC, AAC, CAC and BNAC were investigated. The amount of adsorbent increased the percentage of metal removal increased accordingly. The optimum pH for the Cu (II) absorption was 7.0 except BEAC. The equilibrium data fit well with both Langmuir and Freundlich models of adsorption.

The objective of the study was to examine the dose-dependent and time-specific relationships of prenatal smoking with neonatal body mass, fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and FM-to-FFM ratio, as measured by air-displacement plethysmography (PEA POD system).

Prediction of mortality has focused on disease and frailty, although antecedent biomarkers may herald broad physiological decline. Olfaction, an ancestral chemical system, is a strong candidate biomarker because it is linked to diverse physiological processes. We sought to determine if olfactory dysfunction is a harbinger of 5-year mortality in the National Social Life, Health and Aging Project [NSHAP], a nationally representative sample of older U.S. adults. 3,005 community-dwelling adults aged 57–85 were studied in 2005–6 (Wave 1) and their mortality determined in 2010–11 (Wave 2).

The reasons for the disproportionate contribution of peanuts to prevalent and severe cases of food allergy in the Western world are unclear. Emerging statistics from East Asia generally match the overall common food allergies in the West, with the striking exception of peanuts, which are consumed equivalently in both regions. Differences in peanut preparation, roasted and dry roasted (DR) in the West versus raw, boiled, or fried in the East, have been proposed to contribute to this trend, and are supported by serological studies.

While small molecule inhibitors of the bacterial ribosome have been instrumental in understanding protein translation, no such probes exist to study ribosome biogenesis. We screened a diverse chemical collection that included previously approved drugs for compounds that induced cold sensitive growth inhibition in the model bacterium Escherichia coli. Among the most cold sensitive was lamotrigine, an anticonvulsant drug. Lamotrigine treatment resulted in the rapid accumulation of immature 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits at 15{degree sign}C.

The Human Microbiome Project (HMP) was undertaken with the goal of defining microbial communities in and on the bodies of healthy individuals using high-throughput, metagenomic sequencing analysis. The viruses present in these microbial communities, the `human virome?, are an important aspect of the human microbiome that is particularly understudied in the absence of overt disease. We analyzed eukaryotic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses, together with dsDNA replicative intermediates of single-stranded DNA viruses, in metagenomic sequence data generated by the HMP.