This paper provides a brief overview of the outcome of the UN conference and a discussion of the implications of decisions made there in respect to the transport sector, and how transport can play a more defining role in addressing climate change. The aim of this paper is to identify opportunities and challenges arising from the outcomes of COP15 to better link sustainable transport and climate policy. It will also aim to develop recommendations for 2010 and beyond. The focus of the analysis and implications of the outcomes is on land transport rather than aviation or maritime transport.