Out of the total geographical area of India about 53% suffers from different kinds of land degradation, and Uttar Pradesh accounts for 9.06%. About 4.0 m ha (11.03%) area of the country is suffering from ravine problem. U.P. shares 1.230 m ha (31%) ravine land of the country spread over in 25 districts of the state.

Knowledge and innovation plays an important role in the development of the society. Knowledge Management is in fact a process of value addition to previous knowledge through innovation.

The shifting cultivation in Nagaland state is described as an agricultural system where a farming community slashes secondary forests on a predetermined location, burns the slash and cultivates the land for a limited number of years. The land is then left fallow and the farming community moves to the next location to repeat the process till they return back to the starting point.

Rainwater harvesting is an age-old practice in India. It is a process of collection of runoff from treated or untreated land surfaces/catchments or rooftops and storing it in an open farm pond or closed water tanks/ reservoirs or in situ moisture strorage in the soil itself.

The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), through its multi-disciplinary research programmes had identified several viable alternative land use models and land management practices that can be introduced in areas under shifting cultivation.