This second edition of Who Owns the World’s Land?

Over the course of 2022, one hundred leaders of grassroots networks in 22 countries*—men, women, and youth among Indigenous Peoples, local communities, and Afro-descendant Peoples—were interviewed about their hopes, dreams, and fears for the future.

Globally, Indigenous Peoples and local communities have long been custodians of biodiversity. Their customary territories are estimated to contain 36% of the world’s remaining intact forest landscapes and 80% of remaining biodiversity.

This summary highlights findings of three RRI studies conducted in 2020 as they relate to the DRC.

This summary highlights Kenya-specific findings of three RRI studies conducted in 2020 on: The estimated area of land and territories where the rights of Indigenous Peoples, local communities and Afro-descendants have not been recognized.

This study reviews the status of the legal recognition of the rights of Indigenous Peoples, local communities, and Afro-descendant Peoples to the carbon in their lands and territories across 31 countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

This analysis shows that the vast majority of tropical forested countries seeking to benefit from international forest carbon markets have yet to define in law and in practice the rights of Indigenous Peoples, local communities, and Afro-descendant Peoples over carbon in their customary lands and territories.

This technical report analyzes costs and opportunities for scaling-up the recognition of the collective tenure rights of Indigenous Peoples, local communities, and Afro-descendants as a viable pathway to confronting climate and biodiversity crises.

The objectives of this paper include the following: To gather data on cases of violence and/or criminalization of land and environmental rights defenders (LERDs) in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda; To collect information on existing strategies and resources to address the criminalization of LERDs in East Africa; To map organizations working on the i

This report is informed by the imperative to prevent the collapse of biodiversity while respecting the tenure and human rights of Indigenous Peoples (IPs), local communities (LCs), and Afrodescendants (ADs).