This document is the first comprehensive assessment of the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) region. It comprises important scientific research on the social, economic, and environmental pillars of sustainable mountain development and will serve as a basis for evidence-based decision-making to safeguard the environment and advance people’s well-being.

The climate, cryosphere, and hydrology of the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region have changed in the past and will change in the future. This literature review investigates the state of knowledge on climate change and its projected impact on the cryosphere and hydrology of the HKH, with a specific focus on the implications for

ICIMOD, in partnership with the MacArthur Foundation, has undertaken an assessment of trends, perceptions, and impacts of climate change on biodiversity in the Eastern Himalayan region and, in the process, sought a broad consensus on climate-change impacts on ecosystem and adaptation measures.

ICIMOD, in partnership with the MacArthur Foundation, has undertaken an assessment of trends, perceptions, and impacts of climate change on biodiversity in the Eastern Himalayan region: in the process it is hoped to achieve a broad consensus on the impacts of climate change on the ecosystem and measures that can be taken to adapt to them.

The greater Himalayan region and its water resources play an important role in global atmospheric circulation, biodiversity, etc while serving more than 1.3 billion people in the basin areas of ten large Asian rivers. This paper discusses these issues, the need to close the knowledge gap, the need for adaptation strategies, and the importance of strengthening local knowledge for adaptation.