In this case study, the costs and benefits under potential climate change of different flood risk reduction approaches in northern India were analyzed and compared. In addition, the utility, applicability and limitations of cost-benefit analysis for supporting disaster risk reduction decision-making under a changing climate were investigated.
The colonial dispensation in north Bihar believed that the rivers of the flood plains needed to be controlled. The zamindar became the pivot around which the implementation of these flood control efforts revolved. Along with the railways and roads, the uncontrolled manner in which many zamindary embankments were built led to a deterioration in the flood situation.
This article analyses the implementation of the Ganga Action Plan and the various reasons for its failure in the highly polluted villages of Jajmau, clustered near Kanpur city.
