This paper explores how to combine models to better understand the interactions between energy, economy, and land use in regions that rely on woodfuels. Fuelwood and charcoal are critical sources of energy throughout sub-Saharan Africa.

International aviation produced an estimated 490.4 million tonnes (Mt) of carbon dioxide emissions in 2013, about 1.5% of global CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion that year, and as the role of aviation in the global economy expands, those emissions are expected to rise, to 682–755 Mt by 2020 and 1223–1376 Mt by 2035.