This issue brief aims to highlight consumption-driven emissions inequities among income classes, both within and across nations. It examines a diverse range of developed and developing economies, accounting for approximately 81 per cent of global emissions, 86 per cent of the world's GDP, and 66 per cent of the global population.

The theme of the 2023 Economic Report on Africa is “Building Africa’s Resilience to Global Economic Shocks.” The report focuses on the impact of multiple and recurring global shocks on African economies.

This report explores the potential socio-economic impacts of the energy transition in Egypt, and shows that a successful, just and inclusive energy transition in Egypt can bring about a brighter, more prosperous and healthier future for its citizens.

The fourteenth edition of the South Africa Economic Update, Safety First: The Economic Cost of Crime in South Africa, discusses South Africa’s economic prospects and highlights the critical need to address the challenge of high crime, to reduce its adverse effects on the economy and society at large.

Climate finance is vital to combat the climate crisis. A new study shows that annual climate finance flows surpassed USD 1 trillion for the first time in 2021, six years after the Paris Agreement was adopted in 2015. However, flows must increase by at least five-fold annually by 2030 to avoid the worst impacts of climate change.

This report builds on the analysis presented in IRENA’s World Energy Transitions Outlook to support energy transition planning and informed policy making in South Africa, and calls for a comprehensive policy framework that can advance the transition whilst safeguarding people, livelihoods and jobs.

This report — the Central African Republic’s (CAR’s) first ever poverty assessment — draws on unparalleled microdata to propose practical strategies for lifting Central Africans out of poverty.

This research focuses on climate change mitigation and adaptation in Ethiopia, estimating the costs of action and the benefits of a range of economic, social, and environmental impacts.

According to the Togo Economic Update released by the World Bank, trade openness and increased private investment mobilization will be key to unlocking Togo’s growth potential.

Sierra Leone’s economy experienced overlapping setbacks during 2022, as external spillovers from the Russian invasion of Ukraine aggravated domestic macroeconomic vulnerabilities. This led to high levels of inflation, a substantially weaker currency, greater imbalances in public finances, and lower foreign exchange reserves.