Community-led total sanitation (CLTS) is a widely applied rural behavior change approach for ending open defecation. However, evidence of its impact is unclear. Researchers conducted a systematic review of journal-published and gray literature to a) assess evidence quality, b) summarize CLTS impacts, and c) identify factors affecting implementation and effectiveness.

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Katsina — UNICEF's chief, Water and Sanitation Section in Nigeria, Zaid Jurji, has said, Nigeria is ranked third when it comes to open defecation and something drastically must be done to halt the

DHARAMSHALA: Chief minister Jairam Thakur during his address at CSK Agricultural University revealed that he had worked hard to make Himachal first open defecation free (ODF) state during his stint

The Arunachal Pradesh government celebrated attainment of 100 per cent open defecation free (ODF) status under Swacch Bharat Mission (Gramin) at the Legislative Assembly Complex here on Friday.

NEW DELHI: Every household in India will get a proper toilet and the entire country will be open-defecation free (ODF) much before the Modi government faces election next year, top government funct

When the Union government nudged them to build a toilet, almost all the families in Jharkhand's Dulmi block complied. But many of them continue to defecate in the open even today.

Kota: The ministry of drinking water and sanitation, Government of India, has declared Kota district Open Defection Free (ODF). But situation on ground tells a different story.

NAVI MUMBAI: Panvel City Municipal Corporation (PCMC) has become an open defecation-free (ODF) city just 14 months after the formation of the civic body.

Urinating in public will attract spot fines ranging from Rs 100 to Rs 200, while defecating in the open will attract a spot fine of Rs 500

10 people have been arrested in the Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abirem(KEEA) municipality of the central region for engaging in open defecation at the beaches in the area.

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