Global climate change will have multiple effects on human health. Vulnerable populations—children, the elderly, and the poor—will be disproportionately affected. We reviewed projected impacts of climate change on children’s health, the pathways involved in these effects, and prevention strategies.

Climate change is expected to have large impacts on health at low latitudes where droughts and malnutrition, diarrhea, and malaria are projected to increase. The main objective of this study was to indicate a method to assess a range of plausible health impacts of climate change while handling uncertainties in a unambiguous manner.

Summer 2010 saw a new suite of climate change studies from the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) with the stark conclusion that “Climate change is occurring, is caused largely by human activities, and poses significant risks for—and in many cases is already affecting—a broad range of human and natural systems.

Traditionally, epidemiologists have considered electrification to be a positive factor. In fact, electrification and plumbing are typical initiatives that represent the integration of an isolated population into modern society, ensuring the control of pathogens and promoting public health.

Swimming pool disinfectants and disinfection by-products (DBPs) have been linked to human health effects (e.g., asthma and bladder cancer), but no studies have comprehensively identified DBPs in the water and determined their mutagenicity. Richardson et al.

Studies using reconstructed exposure histories have suggested an association between heavy metal exposures, including lead, and Parkinson's disease (PD), and a study that used bone lead as a biomarker of cumulative lead exposure also reported a nonsignificant association with PD. Weisskopf et al. estimated the association between bone lead and PD among 330 PD patients and 318 controls.

The importance of an uncontaminated water supply and proper sanitation in controlling enteric infections, as well as contributing to poverty eradication, has been recognized by the international community.

Telomere length reflects biological age and is inversely associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Ambient air pollution is associated with CVD, but its effect on telomere length is unknown. McCracken et al.

Only about 30% of breast cancer cases can be explained by accepted risk factors. Crouse et al. (p. 1578) investigated whether the incidence of postmenopausal breast cancer may be associated with exposure to urban air pollution. The authors used data from a hospital-based case

Otitis media (OM) is one of the most common early childhood infections, resulting in an enormous economic burden to the health care system through unscheduled doctor visits and antibiotic prescriptions. Zemek et al. (p.