Agriculture is the key sector in India's economy, which has not been subject to the economic reforms. The continuous decline in the growth of output in agriculture sector, has recently invited attention of the government which has come out with a plan for development. Agricultural development is an essential condition of economic growth for the developing countries like India.

Agricultural diversification has been a well established traditional farming strategy adopted individually or collectively by Indian farmer or farming communities since time immemorial to minimize risk associated with specialized production system and to ensure household food security. The state of Chhattisgarh has launched a massive crop diversification programme to support double cropping, facilitate shift in cropping pattern towards cash crops and support development of non-farm allied services.

This article begins with the macro story of faster growth of the agricultural sector since the eighties. Also growth is sourced by yield in the eighties with area showing no growth. The agricultural sector is responding to faster economic growth by meeting the new demands.

Agricultural sector has played a major role in the economic development of the country. India has achieved self-sufficiency in the foodgrain production. We could go back to our past and see how the development has taken place. How we have reached to a state of food security from a stage of situation where a major section of our population had very little or no access to food.

This paper aims to review the existing status, scope and prospects of food securities in the North eastern hilly region (NEHR) states at the macro level and at the same time ground level reality of food security, its status and position at the households' level.

India needs second green revolution to bring food security to its billion plus population, to remove distress of farming community and to make its agriculture globally competitive. For achieving these goals, yield rates of foodgrains, pulses, oilseeds, dairying and poultry, horticultural crops and vegetables needs to be enhanced.

The importance of agriculture in the development strategies of Indian economy continues to remain paramount. This paper assesses the Eleventh Five Year Plan vision and evaluates the recent performance of subdued production response to those very inputs that had been instrumental in triggering the green revolution in the past, with particular reference to ferilizers.

Rice and wheat are the two most important staple crops, which play a critical role in food security in India. The paper attempts to analyze the changing pattern of foodgrain production system and derive certain policy interventions in view of its relative importance in achieving avowed growth rates envisaged in the XI th five year plan.

According to Norman Borlaug, the label Green Revolution got started in 1968, when the administrator for the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) observed that the big improvement in food production in India and Pakistan looked like a "Green Revolution." In India there is growing awareness of the compelling need for a second "Green Revolution".

Rainfed agriculture productivity has constrained even in watershed areas after the termination of the watershed development activities in most places in India due to lack of exit mechanism and social regulation on use of groundwater. Under high risk, low productivity and fragile rainfed farming situation, 'water bodies' are found to be the way out after watersheds.