This report presents an analysis of, and discussion on, the
environmental, financial and negotiation consequences of
various strategies of dealing with surplus emission allowances
or assigned amount units (AAUs), often known as

This report explores the implications of different possible scenarios on the outcomes of the current climate negotiations.

This report is meant to contribute to the debate between policymakers and research groups on the steps that need to be taken to meet long-term climate targets. This reports shows that the current focus on intermediate targets for the year 2020 needs to be extended to include the long-term targets.

This report focuses on the impact of the evolution of the world oil price on the cost of future GHG mitigation measures. Projections of the cost of mitigation policies are a key input for national and international negotiations on future mitigation of GHG emissions among public policy makers and other stakeholders.

This report explores ways to incorporate international aviation and maritime shipping in a climate policy regime. Currently, emissions from international transport are not included in climate policy targets under the Kyoto Protocol. One of the reasons is that it is not clear which country should be held accountable for which share of the emissions.