Elevated arsenic in groundwater is the greatest environmental problem in Bangladesh. Spatial variability of arsenic in groundwater has been examined by semivariogram analysis that revealed high degree of small-scale spatial variability in alluvial aquifers. Small-scale variability of arsenic concentrations, indicated by high "nugget' values in semivariograms, is associated with heterogeneity in local-scale geology and geochemical processes. In unsampled locations, arsenic concentrations have been predicted using both deterministic and stochastic prediction methods.

The physico-chemical quality study of the underground water in Alwar town of Rajasthan has been taken up to evaluate its suitability for domestic purpose. 56 ground water samples were collected from different places of Alwar town.

Hardness is an important water quality parameter especially when water is used for drinking purpose. Hardness of water is attributed to the presence of alkaline earth cations like calcium, magnesium, strontium and barium.

Geographic Information System (GIS) was utilized to apply a modified DRASTIC method to assess the aquifer vulnerability to pollution of English Bazar Block of Malda District, West Bengal, India. In the western, central and southern parts of the study area the aquifer is prone to contamination. Therefore, in these regions pesticides, which may contain arsenic or arsenic rich groundwater, should not be used in irrigated land or mango orchards. In order to understand the reliability of the aquifer vulnerability, sensitivity analysis was carried out.

Stone quarrying is a small scale labor oriented industry which has provided jobs to many people but at the same time it has brought a host of environmental problems in the vicinity. The study is carried out to understand the ground water quality in the stone quarry area of Bangalore District.

In the early 1980s, K. C. Saha from the School of Tropical Medicine in Kolkata attributed skin lesions in West Bengal, India, to exposure to arsenic in groundwater pumped from shallow tube wells. Despite these findings, millions of tube wells have been
installed across the Bengal Basin, the geological formation that includes West Bengal and Bangladesh, and across river floodplains and deltas in southern Asia.

Increased incidences of fluoride concentration in groundwater and its impact on human health, was initiated to determine groundwater fluoride concentration in East Imphal District of Manipur.