This paper shows that, while total water available in the Lower Krishna Basin is decreasing, changes in the waterscape of the basin are being shaped, to a large extent, by local users. This study underlines that it is not only the availability of the physical resource that is crucial in explaining the evolution of water use but, as water has become a disputed and highly politicized object, waterscapes are also strongly shaped by the social and political conditions of a region (a state for example), the boundaries of which often exceed the area where water is effectively used.

This report examines issues relating to legal provisions concerning ownership of ground water and the right of the government to intervene in this area. Experience of ground water management in different states and some countries has been analysed and discussed. The report has suggested an approach to sustainable management of ground water.