In 1999, the Israeli government initiated a long-term, large scale SWRO (Sea Water Reverse Osmosis) desalination program. The program is designed to provide to the growing demands on Israel's scarce water resources, and to mitigate the drought conditions that have characterized most years since the mid 1990s.

When the city of American Falls, Idaho (USA) was looking to replace an existing chlorination system for the disinfection of municipal wastewater, a primary concern was for a disinfection system that eliminated the dangerous chemical byproducts of the chlorination process. To meet these demands, the municipality turned to ITT for the installation of a disinfection system using WEDECO ultraviolet technology.

The Water Services Corporation in Malta is one example of a forward-looking operator of a seawater reverse osmosis seeking to ensure the production of high quality drinking at an affordable price.

This case study reports on the application of fractional electrodeionization (FEDI) in the production of high purity deionized water. The advantages of this two-stage dual voltage technology over conventional electrodeionization (EDI) are discussed, including better quality of treated water, ability to handle feed water fluctuations, optimized power consumption, and quick on-site regeneration of media. Opening data and experience from one power plant is presented.

The water supply to the Latur city was earlier managed by Latur Municipal Corporation (LMC) and had faced major problems in terms of supplying water to its citizens due to source limitations and very poor water supply accounting. From LMC, the water management function was transferred to Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran (MJP) to infuse operational improvements and finance for various capital schemes.