Approach to conserve biodiversity for sustainable development should be targeted at different levels, from improving living standards to changing the attitude of people. If Himalayan medicinal plants are to continue to serve the needs of the people without being reduced to a dangerously unstable resource base, they have to be considered in the perspective of sound ecological management that also has economic benefits to the local people.

Survey was conducted in randomly selected 23 villages of the Baria forest division. A systematic questionnaire was prepared and based on it question were asked to the tribals. From the survey, 94 species were identified which are being used as folk medicine by the tribal people of Baria division.

Two microwatersheds namely Arnigad and Bansigad near Mussoorie, equipped with hydrometeorological instruments were selected to monitor the impact of forest cover on stream discharge. Arnigad microwatershed is having dense forest cover and Bansigad is with degraded forest.

The study was conducted in Betalghat block in Nainital district to find out the factors influencing the motivation of villagers for participating in agroforestry. Findings revealed that household size, annual income, level of forest dependency, level of contact with technical person, level of awareness about forestry activities and level of participation in extension education courses were positively and significantly correlated with level of motivation of villager's participation in agro forestry.

The study was aimed at to investigate the hydro-edaphic properties of Woodland habitat of Nilgiris Biosphere Reserve (NBR) and their possible relationship with its flora.

Forest fires are calamity that causes damage to the forest economy which is considerably greater than all damages caused by the harmful insects and diseases. The study area is prone to fire because of the presence of dominant species of pines which are highly susceptible to fires due to the presence of resins.

Planting trees outside forests will be an additional source of raising forest cover. However, there is large disparity within the farmer communities for tree planting at their farm at regional scale. This study has considered addressing the issue of adaptation of tree planting in two regions of UP for comparison. These are the western region with high density of tree plantation at farm; and Eastern region with low density.

The Jatropha plant has pantropic distribution and survives under arid conditions. The seed yields 30% oil known as hell oil, pinheon oil, oleum infernale or oleum ricini majoris, which contains small amounts of an irritant curcanoleic acid, which is related to ricinoleic acid, the principle active ingredients of castor oil and croton oil respectively.

Salix tetrasperma is commonly called as Indian Willow. In terai zone of West Bengal Salix tetrasperma is seen growing in middle of the pond of many households. During winters when the ponds are dry, the light textured soil does not retain water for long time; the tree bears lush green foliage. On contrary during rainy season when the ponds are filled with water, it sheds its leaves. This may be attributed to soil aeration.

In an extensive survey to Garhwal Himalaya and arid soil of western Rajasthan, twenty four leguminous nitrogen fixing species were identified including seven herbs, nine shrubs, four climbers and four tree species which were screened for nodulation and nitrogen fixation activity between 400-2100m altitudes.