This publication reflects the findings and learning from a programme of participatory action research (PAR) carried out between 2010 and 2012 in two geographically and climatically different mountain watersheds in the districts of Mustang and Jumla in Nepal.

Reducing poverty, hunger, and food insecurity are overarching goals of the Government of Pakistan. The government is committed to inclusive and equitable socioeconomic development and eradicating hunger, and as a part of this is currently preparing an Agriculture and Food Security Policy.

ICIMOD’s Poverty and Vulnerability Assessment (PVA) is a household survey tool designed to capture key elements of poverty, vulnerability, and adaptive capacity in mountain contexts for the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region.

Managing water resources is one of the major challenges of our century. Nowhere could this be more so than for the waters emanating from the Hindu Kush Himalayas, which is already characterized by a situation of ‘too much and too little’ water. Floods and droughts are already common, and the economic damage from these hazards is already high.

In the Hindu Kush Himalayas, climate change is threatening the livelihoods of those directly dependent on agriculture and the natural resource base. Rural women are disproportionately vulnerable to the impacts of climate change due to their socially constructed roles and responsibilities and relatively poor economic and social positions.

The Himalayan region contains some of the most dynamic, fragile and complex mountain ranges in the world. These magnificent mountain ranges play an important role in global atmospheric circulation, the hydrological cycle, and water resources availability, provide a wide range of ecosystem services, and are a source of many hazards.

Large cardamom (Amomum subulatum) is an important cash crop and livelihood option for people in Sikkim. This high-value, minimally labour-intensive, and non-perishable crop is cultivated as an understory perennial crop in association with Himalayan alder (Alnus nepalensis) and other forest tree species that provide shade.

This publication provides a comprehensive account of the status of glaciers of Nepal in approximately 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010 to facilitate a better understanding of glacier dynamics over th

Phobjikha Valley is one of the largest high-altitude wetlands in Bhutan and an important habitat for various species including the vulnerable Black-necked Crane. The area provides a wide range of ecosystem services to the local people, and is becoming a major tourist attraction.

Floods are the most common water-induced hazard in the Hindu Kush Himalayas and have seriously affected the lives and livelihoods of many people, especially those living in the Brahmaputra and Koshi river basins.