BONN (Germany): Taking forward the concerns of developing countries, the BASIC nations - Brazil, South Africa, India and China - have resolved to take up all the critical issues, including access t

BONN, Germany: Negotiators have so far failed to break the ice on the issue of pre-2020 impasse here during the ongoing UN climate change conference.

The Paris Agreement requires countries to articulate near-term emissions reduction strategies through to 2025 or 2030 by communicating nationally determined contributions (NDCs), as well as encouraging the formulation of long-term low-emission development strategies (Article 4.19). In response, many countries have either submitted or are preparing mid-century strategies.

This report critically analyses perceptions on the NDC implementation progress among national and sector experts involved in NDC processes in emerging and developing countries.