The Koshi river has drawn the attention of scientific, engineering, and political leaders for decades. During the colonial era, the British rulers of India were concerned about the floods and high sediment load of the river and they aimed to control flooding in the Koshi delta in Bihar.

Adaptation and mitigation are complementary and should not be perceived as mutually exclusive approaches: In the HKH region, adaptation and land-based mitigation are intimately linked and
are not mutually exclusive; mitigation activities can become an important complement to adaptation initiatives and, as such, should be supported by regional policy and enabling frameworks.

This report synthesises the main findings from five studies of local responses to climate-related water stress and floods.

Water management at the river basin level has undergone several shifts in paradigm over the last several decades, from largely ignoring the hydrological aspects of a river basin and resorting to interbasin transfers on the one hand, to emphasizing the interconnectedness of unique ecological systems and encouraging an integrated approach for planning, on the other.

This report aims at developing a common action plan that would facilitate public-private partnerships (PPP) for disaster risk reduction (DRR) in East Asia, based on an evaluation of PPP case studies and consultations with stakeholders.

This report summarises the study in northern Ganga plains and coastal Tamil Nadu and Gujarat. The objective of the study was to pilot tasks to enable local communities better deal with impacts of climate variability and anthropogenic climate change such as floods and droughts. It pursued a "learning-by-doing" approach to respond to the interwoven elements of the